Showing results by narrator "PhD" in All Categories
-
-
The Silva Method
- Tapping the Secrets of the Mind for Total Self-Mastery
- By: Ph.D Robert B. Stone
- Narrated by: Ph.D. Robert B. Stone
- Length: 6 hrs and 57 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall117
-
Performance94
-
Story91
Award-winning Silva trainer Robert B. Stone teaches you how to enter the Alpha State - an inner conscious level of brain wave frequency. At the Alpha state, you'll activate deep states of accelerated mental activity, intuition, learning, memory, ESP, tranquility, rest, and relaxation.
-
-
Be careful, possibility of Beetlejuice
- By Amazon Customer on 07-01-21
Preview -
The Silva Method
- Tapping the Secrets of the Mind for Total Self-Mastery
- Narrated by: Ph.D. Robert B. Stone
- Length: 6 hrs and 57 mins
- Release date: 14-10-14
- Language: English
Failed to add items
Sorry, we are unable to add the item because your shopping cart is already at capacity.Add to basket failed.
Please try again laterAdd to wishlist failed.
Please try again laterRemove from wishlist failed.
Please try again laterAdding to library failed
Please try againFollow podcast failed
Unfollow podcast failed
£12.31 or free with trial. Auto-renews at £5.99/month after trial. See eligibility.
-
-
-
The Dangerous Old Woman
- Myths and Stories of the Wise Woman Archetype
- By: PhD Clarissa Pinkola Estés Ph.D.
- Narrated by: PhD Clarissa Pinkola Estés Ph.D.
- Length: 7 hrs and 50 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall0
-
Performance0
-
Story0
Dr. Estés asks, “Did you know, you were born as the first, and the last and the best and the only one of your kind, and that eccentricity is the first sign of giftedness? These are two of the crone truths I have to offer you.” If you have any doubt, come join us at the fireside of the...
Preview -
The Dangerous Old Woman
- Myths and Stories of the Wise Woman Archetype
- Narrated by: PhD Clarissa Pinkola Estés Ph.D.
- Length: 7 hrs and 50 mins
- Release date: 02-11-10
- Language: English
Failed to add items
Sorry, we are unable to add the item because your shopping cart is already at capacity.Add to basket failed.
Please try again laterAdd to wishlist failed.
Please try again laterRemove from wishlist failed.
Please try again laterAdding to library failed
Please try againFollow podcast failed
Unfollow podcast failed
£26.62 or free with trial. Auto-renews at £5.99/month after trial. See eligibility.
-
-
-
How to Be an Elder
- Myths and Stories of the Wise Woman Archetype
- By: PhD Clarissa Pinkola Estés Ph.D.
- Narrated by: PhD Clarissa Pinkola Estés Ph.D.
- Length: 7 hrs and 56 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall167
-
Performance139
-
Story139
Dr. Clarissa Pinkola Estés Presents Volume Five of the Dangerous Old Woman Series “What makes an elder, a heartfelt spirit, a clear mind, a talented heart, one who is young while old and old while young, an activist for the Soul? Is it formulae, schemas, lexicons? It could be. But also, and...
-
-
Best book I ve listened to yet
- By Elaine Desk Top on 05-09-14
Preview -
How to Be an Elder
- Myths and Stories of the Wise Woman Archetype
- Narrated by: PhD Clarissa Pinkola Estés Ph.D.
- Length: 7 hrs and 56 mins
- Release date: 24-05-13
- Language: English
Failed to add items
Sorry, we are unable to add the item because your shopping cart is already at capacity.Add to basket failed.
Please try again laterAdd to wishlist failed.
Please try again laterRemove from wishlist failed.
Please try again laterAdding to library failed
Please try againFollow podcast failed
Unfollow podcast failed
£26.62 or free with trial. Auto-renews at £5.99/month after trial. See eligibility.
-
-
-
Thinking Orthodox: Understanding and Acquiring the Orthodox Christian Mind
- By: Eugenia Scarvelis Constantinou Ph.D.
- Narrated by: Eugenia Scarvelis Constantinou Ph.D.
- Length: 19 hrs and 8 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall15
-
Performance13
-
Story13
What does it mean to "think Orthodox"? What are the unspoken and unexplored premises and presumptions underlying what Christians believe? Orthodox Christianity is based on preserving the mind of the early Church, its phronema. Dr. Jeannie Constantinou brings her more than 40 years' experience as a professor, Bible teacher, and speaker to bear in explaining what the Orthodox phronema is, how it can be acquired, and how that phronema is expressed in true Orthodox theology.
-
-
Another excellent Orthodox work.
- By Literati on 10-07-21
Preview -
Thinking Orthodox: Understanding and Acquiring the Orthodox Christian Mind
- Narrated by: Eugenia Scarvelis Constantinou Ph.D.
- Length: 19 hrs and 8 mins
- Release date: 09-04-21
- Language: English
Failed to add items
Sorry, we are unable to add the item because your shopping cart is already at capacity.Add to basket failed.
Please try again laterAdd to wishlist failed.
Please try again laterRemove from wishlist failed.
Please try again laterAdding to library failed
Please try againFollow podcast failed
Unfollow podcast failed
£18.57 or free with trial. Auto-renews at £5.99/month after trial. See eligibility.
-
-
-
Change Maker
- Turn Your Passion for Health and Fitness into a Powerful Purpose and a Wildly Successful Career
- By: John Berardi PhD
- Narrated by: John Berardi PhD
- Length: 7 hrs and 51 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall93
-
Performance75
-
Story75
If you work as a trainer, nutritionist, functional-medicine doctor, group instructor, rehab specialist, or health coach - or you eventually want to - this step-by-step guide will help you turn your passion for health and fitness into work you find joy in, your clients into raving fans, and your career into something powerful, meaningful, and change-making.
-
-
Poor
- By Anonymous on 19-04-20
Preview -
Change Maker
- Turn Your Passion for Health and Fitness into a Powerful Purpose and a Wildly Successful Career
- Narrated by: John Berardi PhD
- Length: 7 hrs and 51 mins
- Release date: 03-12-19
- Language: English
Failed to add items
Sorry, we are unable to add the item because your shopping cart is already at capacity.Add to basket failed.
Please try again laterAdd to wishlist failed.
Please try again laterRemove from wishlist failed.
Please try again laterAdding to library failed
Please try againFollow podcast failed
Unfollow podcast failed
£12.65 or free with trial. Auto-renews at £5.99/month after trial. See eligibility.
-
-
-
Feel the Fear and Do It Anyway
- Dynamic Techniques for Turning Fear, Indecision, and Anger into Power, Action, and Love
- By: Susan Jeffers PhD
- Narrated by: Susan Jeffers PhD
- Length: 6 hrs and 7 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall751
-
Performance611
-
Story609
"Living is taking chances, and Feel the Fear and Do It Anyway has helped so many people-both men and women-to achieve success." - Louise Hay, the best-selling author of You Can Heal Your Life Are you afraid of making decisions . . . asking your boss for a raise . . . committing to a relationship...
-
-
Not for Me
- By Anonymous on 17-11-21
Preview -
Feel the Fear and Do It Anyway
- Dynamic Techniques for Turning Fear, Indecision, and Anger into Power, Action, and Love
- Narrated by: Susan Jeffers PhD
- Length: 6 hrs and 7 mins
- Release date: 20-08-19
- Language: English
Failed to add items
Sorry, we are unable to add the item because your shopping cart is already at capacity.Add to basket failed.
Please try again laterAdd to wishlist failed.
Please try again laterRemove from wishlist failed.
Please try again laterAdding to library failed
Please try againFollow podcast failed
Unfollow podcast failed
£11.18 or free with trial. Auto-renews at £5.99/month after trial. See eligibility.
-
-
-
Transcending the Levels of Consciousness
- The Stairway to Enlightenment
- By: David R. Hawkins MD/PHD
- Narrated by: Peter Lownds PhD
- Length: 11 hrs and 47 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall78
-
Performance66
-
Story65
Discover how to transcend the limitations of the ego, relieve suffering, and advance your consciousness in this masterpiece from world-renowned author, psychiatrist, clinician, and spiritual teacher, David R. Hawkins, M.D., Ph.D. The now widely known Map of calibrated levels of Consciousness was...
-
-
I sorry, but this was offensive to any Muslim
- By Rucksar on 21-09-22
Preview -
Transcending the Levels of Consciousness
- The Stairway to Enlightenment
- Narrated by: Peter Lownds PhD
- Length: 11 hrs and 47 mins
- Release date: 17-07-20
- Language: English
Failed to add items
Sorry, we are unable to add the item because your shopping cart is already at capacity.Add to basket failed.
Please try again laterAdd to wishlist failed.
Please try again laterRemove from wishlist failed.
Please try again laterAdding to library failed
Please try againFollow podcast failed
Unfollow podcast failed
£12.78 or free with trial. Auto-renews at £5.99/month after trial. See eligibility.
-
-
-
Guided Meditations for Self-Healing
- Essential Practices to Relieve Physical and Emotional Suffering and Enhance Recovery
- By: PhD Jack Kornfield
- Narrated by: PhD Jack Kornfield
- Length: 1 hr and 52 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall20
-
Performance12
-
Story14
Meditations to Activate Your Capacity for Healing Meditation brings you into a deep communion with your own body and heart, but what happens when you are sick or in pain? With Guided Meditations for Self-Healing, Jack Kornfield guides you through meditations created specifically to ease physical...
-
-
Very grateful
- By Anonymous on 20-12-20
Preview -
Guided Meditations for Self-Healing
- Essential Practices to Relieve Physical and Emotional Suffering and Enhance Recovery
- Narrated by: PhD Jack Kornfield
- Length: 1 hr and 52 mins
- Release date: 06-10-15
- Language: English
Failed to add items
Sorry, we are unable to add the item because your shopping cart is already at capacity.Add to basket failed.
Please try again laterAdd to wishlist failed.
Please try again laterRemove from wishlist failed.
Please try again laterAdding to library failed
Please try againFollow podcast failed
Unfollow podcast failed
£7.45 or free with trial. Auto-renews at £5.99/month after trial. See eligibility.
-
-
-
Why Woo - Woo Works
- The Surprising Science Behind Meditation, Reiki, Crystals, and Other AlternativePractices
- By: David R. Hamilton PHD
- Narrated by: David R. Hamilton PHD
- Length: 8 hrs and 11 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall189
-
Performance171
-
Story168
Why should we meditate? How can crystals heal the mind and body? Why is visualization so powerful - and so effective? Alternative therapies, healing modalities, and spiritual practices are often referred to as 'woo-woo,' - but many of these approaches are actually supported by compelling...
-
-
Interesting book but the reading style is terrible
- By Zsuzsa Popucza on 31-01-22
Preview -
Why Woo - Woo Works
- The Surprising Science Behind Meditation, Reiki, Crystals, and Other AlternativePractices
- Narrated by: David R. Hamilton PHD
- Length: 8 hrs and 11 mins
- Release date: 21-09-21
- Language: English
Failed to add items
Sorry, we are unable to add the item because your shopping cart is already at capacity.Add to basket failed.
Please try again laterAdd to wishlist failed.
Please try again laterRemove from wishlist failed.
Please try again laterAdding to library failed
Please try againFollow podcast failed
Unfollow podcast failed
£11.18 or free with trial. Auto-renews at £5.99/month after trial. See eligibility.
-
-
-
Speaking Peace
- Connecting with Others Through Non-Violent Communication
- By: PhD Marshall Rosenberg
- Narrated by: PhD Marshall Rosenberg
- Length: 2 hrs and 34 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall89
-
Performance77
-
Story76
Our words have the power to create profound healing or incredible suffering. Yet even with the best intentions, it is often difficult to express ourselves in ways that build harmony and trust. Speaking Peace presents a seminal four-part model you can use immediately to connect to the spirit of...
-
-
Really great book, so needed for our times.
- By Elley Miller on 24-08-19
Preview -
Speaking Peace
- Connecting with Others Through Non-Violent Communication
- Narrated by: PhD Marshall Rosenberg
- Length: 2 hrs and 34 mins
- Release date: 23-11-15
- Language: English
Failed to add items
Sorry, we are unable to add the item because your shopping cart is already at capacity.Add to basket failed.
Please try again laterAdd to wishlist failed.
Please try again laterRemove from wishlist failed.
Please try again laterAdding to library failed
Please try againFollow podcast failed
Unfollow podcast failed
£9.58 or free with trial. Auto-renews at £5.99/month after trial. See eligibility.
-
-
-
-
Entering the Castle
- By: Caroline Myss PhD
- Narrated by: Caroline Myss PhD
- Length: 9 hrs and 13 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall79
-
Performance62
-
Story61
This audio is a powerful program that will give you a deeply personal, revelatory experience of your soul. What is required is that you "enter your castle" and explore with great intent the contents of your seven mansions and their many rooms. You'll be introduced to a new spiritual renaissance...
-
-
Definitely a different way to look deep inside.
- By Miss dx on 25-01-17
Preview -
Entering the Castle
- Narrated by: Caroline Myss PhD
- Length: 9 hrs and 13 mins
- Release date: 01-05-07
- Language: English
Failed to add items
Sorry, we are unable to add the item because your shopping cart is already at capacity.Add to basket failed.
Please try again laterAdd to wishlist failed.
Please try again laterRemove from wishlist failed.
Please try again laterAdding to library failed
Please try againFollow podcast failed
Unfollow podcast failed
£12.78 or free with trial. Auto-renews at £5.99/month after trial. See eligibility.
-
-
-
The Dominatrix Archetypes®
- Become a Multidimensional Dominatrix in the Art of BDSM FemDom
- By: Mistress Damiana Chi PhD
- Narrated by: Mistress Damiana Chi PhD
- Length: 6 hrs and 46 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall4
-
Performance4
-
Story4
The Dominatrix Archetypes®: Become a Multidimensional Dominatrix in the Art of BDSM FemDom presents a psychologically-based, systematic approach to mastering the Art of Female Domination. This book offers a holistic, comprehensive, and cohesive guide that will transform your personal and professional life, your domination practice, and your relationships with your submissives, providing continuous and growing benefits.
-
-
Mistress Damiana Chi - The Dominatrix Archetypes
- By p wolfenden on 08-09-25
-
The Dominatrix Archetypes®
- Become a Multidimensional Dominatrix in the Art of BDSM FemDom
- Narrated by: Mistress Damiana Chi PhD
- Length: 6 hrs and 46 mins
- Release date: 16-07-24
- Language: English
Failed to add items
Sorry, we are unable to add the item because your shopping cart is already at capacity.Add to basket failed.
Please try again laterAdd to wishlist failed.
Please try again laterRemove from wishlist failed.
Please try again laterAdding to library failed
Please try againFollow podcast failed
Unfollow podcast failed
£13.24 or free with trial. Auto-renews at £5.99/month after trial. See eligibility.
-
-
-
Untangled
- Guiding Teenage Girls Through the Seven Transitions into Adulthood
- By: Lisa Damour Ph.D.
- Narrated by: Lisa Damour Ph.D.
- Length: 8 hrs and 37 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall0
-
Performance0
-
Story0
NEW YORK TIMES BESTSELLER An award-winning guide to the sometimes erratic and confusing behavior of teenage girls from the author of Under Pressure and The Emotional Lives of Teenagers Dr. Lisa Damour worked as an expert collaborator on Pixar’s Inside Out 2! “The most down-to-earth...
Preview -
Untangled
- Guiding Teenage Girls Through the Seven Transitions into Adulthood
- Narrated by: Lisa Damour Ph.D.
- Length: 8 hrs and 37 mins
- Release date: 09-02-16
- Language: English
Failed to add items
Sorry, we are unable to add the item because your shopping cart is already at capacity.Add to basket failed.
Please try again laterAdd to wishlist failed.
Please try again laterRemove from wishlist failed.
Please try again laterAdding to library failed
Please try againFollow podcast failed
Unfollow podcast failed
£12.78 or free with trial. Auto-renews at £5.99/month after trial. See eligibility.
-
-
-
Transforming Trauma
- A Seven-Step Process for Spiritual Healing
- By: Caroline Myss Ph.D., James Finley
- Narrated by: Caroline Myss Ph.D.
- Length: 8 hrs and 24 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall63
-
Performance48
-
Story47
A Mystical Approach to Healing TraumaTo heal trauma, we have to start with its origin: disconnection from spiritual experience. This is the breakthrough premise of Transforming Trauma, Caroline Myss and James Finley's first audio-learning course on how combining contemplative and clinical...
-
-
Some amazing insights
- By K Potter on 11-12-13
Preview -
Transforming Trauma
- A Seven-Step Process for Spiritual Healing
- Narrated by: Caroline Myss Ph.D.
- Length: 8 hrs and 24 mins
- Release date: 05-01-10
- Language: English
Failed to add items
Sorry, we are unable to add the item because your shopping cart is already at capacity.Add to basket failed.
Please try again laterAdd to wishlist failed.
Please try again laterRemove from wishlist failed.
Please try again laterAdding to library failed
Please try againFollow podcast failed
Unfollow podcast failed
£26.62 or free with trial. Auto-renews at £5.99/month after trial. See eligibility.
-
-
-
The Eye of the I
- From Which Nothing is Hidden
- By: David R. Hawkins MD/PHD
- Narrated by: Peter Lownds PhD
- Length: 14 hrs and 17 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall56
-
Performance48
-
Story48
This is the second volume of a trilogy that began with Power vs. Force and was completed in the year 2003 by the publication of the third volume entitled I: Reality and Subjectivity. The Eye of the I (which calibrates at 950) is more advanced than Power vs. Force (which calibrates at 850) and...
-
-
Very enlightening\informative
- By Amazon Customer on 13-12-21
Preview -
The Eye of the I
- From Which Nothing is Hidden
- Narrated by: Peter Lownds PhD
- Length: 14 hrs and 17 mins
- Release date: 01-09-20
- Language: English
Failed to add items
Sorry, we are unable to add the item because your shopping cart is already at capacity.Add to basket failed.
Please try again laterAdd to wishlist failed.
Please try again laterRemove from wishlist failed.
Please try again laterAdding to library failed
Please try againFollow podcast failed
Unfollow podcast failed
£14.37 or free with trial. Auto-renews at £5.99/month after trial. See eligibility.
-
-
-
Original Prayer
- Teachings and Meditations on the Aramaic Words of Jesus
- By: PhD Neil Douglas-Klotz
- Narrated by: PhD Neil Douglas-Klotz
- Length: 8 hrs and 38 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall19
-
Performance15
-
Story16
The Prayer of Jesus, or the Lord's Prayer, is among Christianity's most beloved teachings, a daily devotion practiced by Christians everywhere. If we could travel back in time to the ancient Holy Land and witness Jesus himself speaking and meditating upon these words, what would we learn? On...
-
-
An invaluable resource
- By EPD on 08-05-15
Preview -
Original Prayer
- Teachings and Meditations on the Aramaic Words of Jesus
- Narrated by: PhD Neil Douglas-Klotz
- Length: 8 hrs and 38 mins
- Release date: 23-09-14
- Language: English
Failed to add items
Sorry, we are unable to add the item because your shopping cart is already at capacity.Add to basket failed.
Please try again laterAdd to wishlist failed.
Please try again laterRemove from wishlist failed.
Please try again laterAdding to library failed
Please try againFollow podcast failed
Unfollow podcast failed
£26.62 or free with trial. Auto-renews at £5.99/month after trial. See eligibility.
-
-
-
The Faithful Gardener
- A Wise Tale about That Which Can Never Die
- By: PhD Clarissa Pinkola Estés Ph.D.
- Narrated by: PhD Clarissa Pinkola Estés Ph.D.
- Length: 1 hr and 33 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall51
-
Performance41
-
Story41
What in life is unconquerable? What survives no matter what? On The Faithful Gardener, Dr. Clarissa Pinkola Estés mines the rich storytelling tradition of her own family to unearth a series of lyrical stories that illustrate how faith is the one immortal force in our lives. What begins as a...
-
-
Peaceful and heartwarming: perfect for preparing the foundations of inner growth
- By Zoe Basil on 31-08-25
Preview -
The Faithful Gardener
- A Wise Tale about That Which Can Never Die
- Narrated by: PhD Clarissa Pinkola Estés Ph.D.
- Length: 1 hr and 33 mins
- Release date: 03-04-09
- Language: English
Failed to add items
Sorry, we are unable to add the item because your shopping cart is already at capacity.Add to basket failed.
Please try again laterAdd to wishlist failed.
Please try again laterRemove from wishlist failed.
Please try again laterAdding to library failed
Please try againFollow podcast failed
Unfollow podcast failed
£7.45 or free with trial. Auto-renews at £5.99/month after trial. See eligibility.
-
-
-
Greater Than the Sum of Our Parts
- Discovering Your True Self Through Internal Family Systems Therapy
- By: PhD Richard C. Schwartz
- Narrated by: PhD Richard C. Schwartz
- Length: 6 hrs and 54 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall110
-
Performance94
-
Story93
Explore Your Multifaceted Mind—an Invitation to Personal Healing and Spiritual Awakening Inside each of us, there are many distinct selves. “Though we’ve been raised to believe that healthy people have a single ‘self,’” explains Dr. Richard C. Schwartz, “acknowledging our...
-
-
totally boring
- By fumanchu on 17-02-19
Preview -
Greater Than the Sum of Our Parts
- Discovering Your True Self Through Internal Family Systems Therapy
- Narrated by: PhD Richard C. Schwartz
- Length: 6 hrs and 54 mins
- Release date: 03-07-18
- Language: English
Failed to add items
Sorry, we are unable to add the item because your shopping cart is already at capacity.Add to basket failed.
Please try again laterAdd to wishlist failed.
Please try again laterRemove from wishlist failed.
Please try again laterAdding to library failed
Please try againFollow podcast failed
Unfollow podcast failed
£26.62 or free with trial. Auto-renews at £5.99/month after trial. See eligibility.
-
-
-
Living 'A Course in Miracles'
- Applying the Course's Messages of Wisdom, Courage, and Forgiveness
- By: Kenneth Wapnick Ph.D.
- Narrated by: Kenneth Wapnick Ph.D.
- Length: 9 hrs and 27 mins
- Original Recording
-
Overall62
-
Performance51
-
Story50
Have you ever wondered just what it would take to experience miracles as everyday occurrences in your life? In Living A Course in Miracles : Applying the Course's Messages of Wisdom, Courage, and Forgiveness, renowned Course expert Kenneth Wapnick takes you on an extraordinary journey of spiritual transformation. As he shares his insights, you may discover that shifting the way you perceive your life may open doors that you weren't even aware existed.
-
-
One of my favorite downloads
- By Mark Lionas on 13-10-16
Preview -
Living 'A Course in Miracles'
- Applying the Course's Messages of Wisdom, Courage, and Forgiveness
- Narrated by: Kenneth Wapnick Ph.D.
- Length: 9 hrs and 27 mins
- Release date: 14-10-14
- Language: English
Failed to add items
Sorry, we are unable to add the item because your shopping cart is already at capacity.Add to basket failed.
Please try again laterAdd to wishlist failed.
Please try again laterRemove from wishlist failed.
Please try again laterAdding to library failed
Please try againFollow podcast failed
Unfollow podcast failed
£13.39 or free with trial. Auto-renews at £5.99/month after trial. See eligibility.
-
-
-
Your Buddha Nature
- Teachings on the Ten Perfections
- By: PhD Jack Kornfield
- Narrated by: PhD Jack Kornfield
- Length: 9 hrs and 10 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall19
-
Performance18
-
Story16
When the Buddha had electrified the ancient world with his teachings and his example, people came to him and asked, “What are you? A god, a saint, an angel?” And he replied: “I am awake.” Within this statement is embedded the heart of Buddhism's unique position among the world's...
-
-
I listen to this over and over.....beautiful
- By dave woodruff on 15-09-16
Preview -
Your Buddha Nature
- Teachings on the Ten Perfections
- Narrated by: PhD Jack Kornfield
- Length: 9 hrs and 10 mins
- Release date: 17-12-99
- Language: English
Failed to add items
Sorry, we are unable to add the item because your shopping cart is already at capacity.Add to basket failed.
Please try again laterAdd to wishlist failed.
Please try again laterRemove from wishlist failed.
Please try again laterAdding to library failed
Please try againFollow podcast failed
Unfollow podcast failed
£26.62 or free with trial. Auto-renews at £5.99/month after trial. See eligibility.
-